TE一周要闻20200816
The World Tourism Organisation said that up to the end of May the industry saw a 56% fall in tourist arrivals, year on year, translating to $320bn in lost revenue, three times more than in 2009, during the financial crisis. Although tourism accounts for a much bigger part of the economy in smaller countries, a few big economies will feel the hit, too. Tourism is worth 7% of GDP in France and 12% in Spain; they are the number one and two destinations for holiday-makers.
世界旅游组织表示，截至5月底，旅游业的游客数量同比下降了56%，收入损失达3200亿美元，是2009年金融危机期间的三倍多。尽管旅游业在较小国家的经济中所占比重要大得多，但一些大经济体也会受到冲击。旅游业占法国国内生产总值的7%，占西班牙国内生产总值的12%；法国是游客首选的旅游地，其次是意大利。
Goldman Sachs reached an agreement with the government of Malaysia to settle criminal charges related to the 1MDB scandal. The bank will pay $2.5bn to the government and guarantee it receives at least another $1.4bn from 1mdb’s assets that have been seized by authorities around the world. Malaysia’s finance ministry said the settlement represented Goldman’s acknowledgment of misconduct by two former employees.
高盛(Goldman Sachs)与马来西亚政府达成协议，就与一马发展公司（1MDB）丑闻有关的刑事指控达成和解。该行将向政府支付25亿美元，并保证该银行至少还能从一马发展公司的资产中再拿到14亿美元，这些资产现被世界各国政府查扣。马来西亚财政部表示，和解表明高盛承认了两名前雇员的不当行为。
Nissan said it was on course to register an annual net loss of ￥670bn ($6.4bn); sales in the latest quarter dropped by half compared with the same three months last year. Like most carmakers, Nissan is reeling from plunging demand during the pandemic. Bucking that trend, PSA, the maker of Peugeots and Citroens, reported a surprise profit for the first half of the year, even though revenues plummeted.
日产表示，本财年公司将净亏损6700亿日元(64亿美元);与去年同期相比，最近一个季度的销售额下降了一半。与大多数汽车制造商一样，日产也因疫情期间需求骤降而深受困扰。与此相反，标致和雪铁龙汽车的制造商标致雪铁龙公布称，尽管收入大幅下降，但上半年的利润却出人意料。
Jaguar Land Rover appointed Thierry Bolloré as its new chief executive. Mr Bolloré was ousted as CEO of Renault in a bout of corporate bloodletting last October, when the carmaker was still reeling from the Carlos Ghosn scandal. He will join JLR in September.
捷豹路虎任命蒂埃里·博洛雷为新任首席执行官。博洛雷先生在去年10月的一次公司大换血中被撤销了雷诺首席执行官的职务，当时这家汽车制造商深受卡洛斯·戈恩丑闻的困扰。博洛雷将于9月份加入捷豹路虎。
The average age of cars on American roads has approached almost 12 years, and around a quarter are at least 16 years old, according to IHS Markit. That is the highest in two decades; in 2002 the average age was around 9.5 years.
根据IHS Markit的数据，美国公路上行驶的汽车平均使用年限已接近12年，约四分之一的汽车车龄至少为16年。这是20年来的最高水平；2002年，平均车龄约为9.5年。
It failed to foresee the digital revolution that overthrew the market for camera film, but Kodak has been quick to seek out opportunities in the coronavirus crisis. The company signed a deal with the American government to make active pharmaceutical ingredients for generic drugs with the support of a development loan, the first under a programme to boost domestic production in response to covid-19. In the days following the announcement Kodak’s stock rose by 2,190%.
柯达未能预见到颠覆相机胶卷市场的数字革命，但它迅速在冠状病毒危机中寻找机会。该公司与美国政府签署了一项协议，在一笔开发贷款的支持下，生产用于仿制药的活性药物成分。这是为应对新冠疫情而促进国内生产项目中的第一份协议。在声明发布后的几天里，柯达的股票上涨了2190%。
The bosses of Amazon, Apple, Facebook and Google faced sharp questions (remotely) from a committee in America’s Congress about their companies’ market dominance and whether they should be broken up. It was the first time that Jeff Bezos, Amazon’s chief executive, had appeared before lawmakers. He insisted that his platform accounts for only a small portion of overall retail sales, and that it has supported a spurt in growth at small and medium-sized businesses.
亚马逊、苹果、Facebook和谷歌的老板们面临着来自美国国会委员会的尖锐问题——关于他们公司的市场主导地位以及他们是否应该被拆分。这是亚马逊首席执行官杰夫·贝佐斯(Jeff Bezos)第一次在立法者面前露面。他坚称，他的平台只占零售总额的一小部分，而且支撑了中小企业的井喷式增长。
Google extended the period during which it expects employees to be working remotely because of covid-19. It will allow most staff to work from home until at least July next year.
由于新冠疫情的原因，谷歌延长了员工远程办公的期限。该公司将允许大多数员工居家邦，至少到明年7月份。
After terse negotiations within the party, the Republicans in Congress presented their plan for a new stimulus package, amounting to $1trn in spending. The bill extends a federal top-up to weekly unemployment benefits that has been in place since March, but slashes its generosity from $600 to $200; from September, the scheme would aim to replace 70% of workers’ lost wages. It also provides for another round of stimulus cheques to all households. The Democrats have alternative proposals.
经过党内的简短谈判，国会的共和党人提出了一项新的经济刺激计划，总额达1万亿美元。该法案延长了自3月份开始实行的每周联邦失业补助的上限，但将其金额从600美元下调至200美元；从9月开始，该计划的目标是弥补70%的工人的失业补贴。该法案还为所有家庭提供了另一轮刺激资金。民主党对此提出不同方案。
The German economy contracted by 10.1% in the second quarter compared with the first, or by 11.7% from the same three months last year. On both measures, it was the biggest decline in quarterly records that stretch back to 1970.
与第一季度相比，德国经济第二季度收缩了10.1%，较去年同期缩水了11.7%。从这两个指标来看，这是自1970年以来季度降幅最大的一次。
Russia’s central bank reduced its benchmark interest rate for the fourth time since January, lowering it by another quarter of a percentage point, to 4.25%. Elvira Nabiullina, the central bank’s governor, said that more cuts could come before the end of the year.
俄罗斯央行自1月份以来第四次下调基准利率，再次下调0.25个百分点至4.25%。该国央行行长埃尔维拉·纳比乌林娜(Elvira Nabiullina)表示，今年年底前可能会进一步降息。
Saddled with huge write-downs of assets, around half of which originated in its British retail bank, Santander reported a quarterly loss of 11.1bn euros ($12.2bn), the first in the Spanish lender’s 163-year history. It is the biggest loss in the banking industry since UniCredit’s 13.6bn euros-worth of red ink in the last quarter of 2016.
西班牙桑坦德银行(Santander)背负巨额资产减记，其中约一半的减值来自其英国的零售银行，该行公布季度亏损111亿欧元(约合122亿美元)。这是这家西班牙银行163年历史上的首次亏损。这是自意大利联合信贷银行在2016年第四季度亏损136亿欧元以来银行业最大的一次亏损。
Boeing reported a $2.4bn quarterly loss and made further cuts to production. It also confirmed that it will stop building the 747, which entered service in 1970, bringing cheaper long-haul flights to millions.
波音公布季度亏损24亿美元，并进一步削减了产量。该公司还确认将停产747，该飞机于1970年投入使用，让数百万人享受到更加划算的长途飞行。
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