TE每周要闻20200826
There were fears in Europe of a resurgence of COVID-19. Catalonia returned to a form of lockdown. Britain announced that people arriving from Spain, including British tourists coming back from the beach, should quarantine for 14 days. The Spanish government was irked. Croatia, Germany, Luxembourg and Romania all saw localised spikes of coronavirus. Still, Europeans are much better prepared now than they were when the pandemic began.
在欧洲，人们担心新冠肺炎会卷土重来。加泰罗尼亚恢复了封锁状态。英国宣布从西班牙入境的游客，包括从海滩回来的英国游客，应该隔离14天。西班牙政府对此十分恼火。克罗地亚、德国、卢森堡和罗马尼亚都出现了局部的冠状病毒感染峰值。尽管如此，欧洲人如今的准备较大流行初期时要完善得多。
Najib Razak, Malaysia’s prime minister from 2009 to 2018, was sentenced to 12 years in jail and fined $49m after being found guilty of seven charges related to the theft of billions of dollars from 1mdb, a development fund. He still faces verdicts in other trials. Mr Naijb, who said he thought the vast fortune in his personal bank account was a donation from a Saudi royal, remains free, pending an appeal.
2009年至2018年担任马来西亚总理的纳吉布·拉扎克(Najib Razak)被判12年监禁，并处罚金4900万美元。此前，他被判七项罪名成立，罪名是窃取一马发展公司（1MDB）数十亿美元资金。他还面临着其他审判的判决。纳吉布表示，他认为自己个人银行账户中的巨额财富是一位沙特王室所赠，他现在仍然是自由身，等待上诉。
The US defence secretary, Mark Esper, announced the withdrawal of nearly 12,000 American troops from Germany. President Donald Trump had criticised Germany’s reluctance to spend more on defence. Mr Esper said the decision would bolster nato and deter Russia. He suggested that some of the troops could be redeployed on Russia’s doorstep around the Black Sea and in the Baltic countries.
美国国防部长马克·埃斯珀(Mark Esper)宣布将从德国撤出近1.2万名美军。美国总统特朗普曾批评德国不愿增加国防支出。埃斯珀表示，这一决定将支持北约，威慑俄罗斯。他建议，将一些军队重新部署在黑海附近的俄罗斯家门口和波罗的海国家。
The federal quasi-military agents sent to Portland to help quell violent protests are to leave the city’s centre, on the condition that Oregon provides security to protect the federal courthouse there.
被派往波特兰市帮助平息暴力抗议的联邦准军事人员将离开该市中心，条件是俄勒冈州提供安全措施保护当地的联邦法院。
South Africa took a $4.3bn emergency loan from the IMF to soften the economic shock of COVID-19. The loan marks a big change for South Africa, which had previously shunned the imf so as not to dilute its economic sovereignty.
南非从国际货币基金组织获得了43亿美元紧急贷款，以缓解新冠疫情对经济的冲击。这笔贷款对南非来说意味着一个重大的变化，南非此前避开了国际货币基金组织，以免削弱其经济主权。
Perrance Shiri, Zimbabwe’s agriculture minister, died, reportedly of COVID-19. He led the Fifth Brigade in Matabeleland in the 1980s, which tortured and massacred thousands of suspected opponents of the despot, Robert Mugabe, and their families. He once likened himself to Jesus, since he decided who lived and who died.
据报道，津巴布韦农业部长Perrance Shiri死于新冠肺炎。20世纪80年代，他在马塔贝莱兰领导了第五旅，拷问和屠杀了数千名被疑是独裁者罗伯特·穆加贝(Robert Mugabe)的反对者及其家人。他曾自喻为耶稣，因为他手中紧握着生死大权。
Parliamentarians in Somalia voted to remove Hassan Ali Khaire as prime minister. America, which supports the Somali army in its fight against the jihadists of al-Shabab, called the process flawed. Lawmakers say Mr Khaire failed to prepare the country for elections next year.
索马里议员投票罢免了哈桑·阿里·卡伊的总理职位。支持索马里军队打击阿尔沙巴布圣战组织的美国称，该进程存在缺陷。议员们表示，卡伊未能为明年的选举做好准备。
In another dreadful week for workers in the aviation industry, Airbus said it would cut 15,000 jobs, about a tenth of its total, because it does not expect demand for its aircraft to return to pre-COVID levels until at least 2023, or possibly 2025. The announcement was lambasted in France, where the government has dispensed a huge rescue package. Aeromexico, Mexico’s biggest international airline, filed for bankruptcy protection. And easyJet, a British carrier, started a consultation on redundancies, which could see 727 pilots lose their jobs. Qantas announced 6,000 jobs cuts.
对于航空业的工人来说，有时可怕的一周，空客公司表示，将裁员1.5万人，约占总人数的十分之一，因为该公司预计至少要到2023年，或者2025年，对其飞机的需求才能恢复到疫情之前的水平。这一声明在法国遭到抨击，法国政府已经推出了一项巨额救助计划。墨西哥最大的国际航空公司Aeromexico申请破产保护。英国航空公司易捷航空(easyJet)开始就裁员进行磋商，可能导致727名飞行员失业。澳航宣布裁员6000人。
There was some good news for Virgin Australia, after two months in bankruptcy proceedings, as Bain Capital stepped in to buy the business. Shareholders lost their shirts in the deal, but the airline hopes to fly again in September.
在经历了两个月的破产程序后，维珍澳大利亚航空公司(Virgin Australia)迎来了一些好消息，贝恩资本(Bain Capital)介入收购了该公司。股东们在这笔交易中血本无归，但该航空公司希望在9月份恢复营业。
The Federal Aviation Administration confirmed that the first certification flights had been conducted for Boeing’s 737 max, which has been grounded for 15 months following two crashes. Although the tests were described as a “milestone” in its rehabilitation, Boeing’s passenger plane won’t be returning to the skies soon; the faa still has to carry out “a number of key tasks”.
美国联邦航空管理局证实，波音737 max飞机已经进行了首次飞行认证。这款机型在两次坠毁事件后停飞了15个月。尽管此番测试被称为波音飞机修复过程的一座“里程碑”，但波音的客机不会很快重返蓝天；联邦航空局仍然需要执行“一些关键任务”。
Shell joined the list of big oil and gas companies that have had to write down the value of assets because of falling energy demand and lower oil prices. The company expects to record charges of between $15bn and $22bn in the second quarter related to the writedowns. BP, meanwhile, agreed to sell what is left of its petrochemicals business to Ineos, a privately held firm with a record of taking over the chemical divisions of multinational companies, for $5bn.
由于能源需求下降和油价下跌，壳牌也加入了不得不减记资产价值的大型油气公司的行列。该公司预计，与减记相关的支出将在第二季度达到150亿至220亿美元。与此同时，英国石油公司(BP)同意将其剩余的石化业务出售给英力士集团(Ineos)。英力士集团是一家私人控股公司，曾以50亿美元的价格收购跨国公司的化工部门。
Germany became the latest flashpoint for safety concerns at Amazon warehouses during the pandemic, as its workers went on strike. Their union claims that 40 people contracted COVID-19 at two sites recently. The online retailer says it has provided enough personal protective equipment.
在疫情期间，德国工人举行罢工，成为亚马逊仓库安全问题的最新爆发点。他们的工会声称，最近有40人在两处地点感染了新冠肺炎。这家在线零售商表示，他们已经提供了足够的个人防护装备。
Meanwhile,Amazon sealed a dealto buy Zoox, a developer of self-driving taxis. Reportedly costing $1.2bn, itis Amazon’s biggestinvestmentin autonomous-vehicle technology, which it may try to adaptforits delivery services.
与此同时，亚马逊敲定了收购无人驾驶出租车开发商Zoox的交易。据报道，这是亚马逊在自动驾驶汽车技术上最大的一笔投资，耗资12亿美元。该公司可能会尝试将这项技术应用于送货服务。
Wells Fargo became the first big American bank to cut its dividend in light of the Federal Reserve’s recent stress tests. The central bank banned share buy-back programmes and capped dividends for 33 banks during the third quarter. All large banks will be required to resubmit and update their capital plans later this year to show they can cope with an extreme economic scenario.
根据美联储最近的压力测试，富国银行成为第一家削减股息的美国大型银行。美联储禁止了股票回购计划，并限制了33家银行在第三季度的股息。今年晚些时候，所有大型银行都将被要求重新提交并更新资本计划，以显示它们能够应对极端的经济形势。
Cirque du Soleil filed for bankruptcy protection and laid off 3,500 employees who had been furloughed in March, when it was forced to cancel performances because of COVID-19. In other pandemicrelated redundancies, SSP Group, which operates food outlets at transport hubs around the world, and is best known in Britain, its home market, for its Upper Crust and Camden Food Co shops, slashed 5,000 jobs. Microsoft announced the permanent closure of all its 83 stores, most of which are in America.
太阳马戏团申请破产保护，并解雇了3500名曾在3月份被迫休假的员工，当时由于新冠肺炎疫情被迫取消演出。在其他与疫情相关的裁员中，SSP集团裁掉了5000个工作岗位。该集团在世界各地的交通枢纽运营着食品店，在其本土市场英国最为人熟知的是其Upper Crust以及卡姆登食品公司(Camden food Co)的门店。微软宣布永久关闭其所有83家门店，其中大部分位于美国。
American stockmarkets recorded their best quarter in at least two decades. From April to June the s&p 500 and Dow Jones Industrial Average rose by around 25%, and the Nasdaq by over a third. Most of the gains came in April and May following the market rout in March amid the coronavirus crisis (European stocks actually outperformed the s&p 500 in June). Most share indices are still lower than at the start of the year. The tech-heavy Nasdaq is a notable exception; it has climbed by 10%.
美国股市创下了至少20年来最佳的季度表现。从4月到6月，标准普尔500指数和道琼斯工业平均指数上涨约25%，纳斯达克指数上涨超过三分之一。大部分涨幅出现在4月和5月，这是继3月冠状病毒危机导致市场暴跌之后(欧洲股市实际上在6月跑赢了标普500指数)。大多数股票指数仍然低于年初。以科技股为主的纳斯达克(Nasdaq)是个明显的例外——已经攀升了10%。
Tesla overtook Toyota to become the world’s biggest carmaker by market capitalisation. The maker of electric vehicles has seen its share price rev up from $225 a year ago to $1,120, giving it a value of more than $205bn. It has yet to turn an annual profit.
特斯拉超过丰田(Toyota)，成为全球市值最大的汽车制造商。这家电动汽车制造商的股价已从一年前的225美元飙升至1120美元，使其市值超过2050亿美元。它还没有实现年度盈利。
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